How to plant pistachios in Spain

Wednesday, 12 November 2025 by AGR Marketing

How to plant pistachios in Spain

El pistacho (Pistacia Vera) has become one of the crops more profitable and sustainable of the last years in Spain. More and more farmers and new investors see this in this. dried fruit an opportunity to Your Strategic solid, with high profitability and a growing international market. But before launching into plant pistachios, it is essential to know the terms what does he need tree, varieties more suitable, the type of soil’s most emblematic landmarks, the irrigation’s most emblematic landmarks, the climate and all the steps to ensure the <strong>success</strong> of the project.

Pistachio plantations in Spain.

Is your property suitable?

Before starting a pistachio plantationThe first step is to analyze whether the property meets the ideal conditions for this cultureNot all Zones The pistachio trees in Spain are suitable, as the pistachio tree requires a very specific balance between climate, soil y water.

Climate and cold hours

The pistachio tree needs a climate for planting pistachios of a continental type, with cold winters y dry and hot summers. A culture deciduous that needs between 600 and 1.000 hours of cold below 7 °C to break dormancy. However, it does not tolerate temperatures well. late frosts in spring, which can damage the flower buds.

In terms of temperatures, it withstands them well. summers of more than 35 °C, which promotes a good fruit ripeningprovided there is enough moisture at the soil and availability of water. The heights Optimal altitudes are between 300 and 900 m above sea level.

Soil and drainage

The pistachio tree adapts to Land poor, stony and with a certain lime content, but it does not tolerate the puddles. The soil Ideally, it should be deep, loose, with good sewer system and a pH between 7 and 8.5. estate Pistachio trees are pivoting, therefore they require depth to develop properly. An excess of moisture o compaction It can cause root asphyxiation and fungal diseases.

Water availability

Although the pistachio can be grown in dry landThe most productive plantations are located in irrigation and a drip irrigation well managed improves production, the caliber of fruit and quality final. An annual allocation of 2.000 to 3.500 m³/ha is recommended, depending on the area’s most emblematic landmarks, the soil type and varietyThe quality of water It is also essential: it must have low salinity to avoid absorption problems nutrients.

Do you have any questions? Request a feasibility study

Varieties, pollinators and rootstocks

The pistachio is dioecious

El pistachio tree or pistachio tree es dioecious, which means there are male and female treesOnly females produce the fruit, while the males contribute the pollen necessary for fertilization. Therefore, the proportion and the distribution of males They are key to ensuring a good production.

Common varieties and compatible pollinators

Among the main pistachio varieties highlights Kerman, Larnaka, Sirora, Golden Hills y Lost Hillseach with different climatic and productive requirements.

Kerman is the most widespread in Spain, appreciated for its size and flavor of the fruit, although it requires a male like Peter o C-Special.
Golden Hills y Lost Hills they offer a production earlier and more uniform, with quality high commercial value.
The choice should be based on the climate, cold hours and market demand.

Rootstocks (UCB#1, terebinthus, etc.)

El rootstock determine the adaptation to the soil, vigor and disease resistance.

El UCB#1 It is the most used in new plantations, because of its rapid for Growthtolerance to calcareous soils and resistance to Verticillium dahliae.
El terebinthus (cornicabra) is more resistant to coldbut with slow growth.
Others like Atlantic o Integerrima They are used according to the ground conditions and water availability.

UCB#1 a superior rootstock.

Plantation design

El farm design is fundamental to achieving a pistachio plantation balanced and productive.

Frame and density

The most common frame is 7×6 m 6×5 m, with a density of 230–280 plants per hectare. In irrigationThe distance can be slightly reduced to optimize the space. In dry landIt is advisable to leave more separation to avoid competition for water y nutrients.

Male distribution

A male for every 8 or 10 femalesstrategically distributed to facilitate wind pollinationIdeally, they should be positioned facing the prevailing spring winds.

Initial irrigation and fertigation

During the first few years, it is crucial to install a drip irrigation system with the possibility of applying liquid fertilizer. The fertigation allows you to adjust the nutrients to the growth of the plantimproving the root development and reducing the water stress.

How to plant pistachios

Preparing the terrain

The land must level off y to till to eliminate weeds and facilitate the penetration of the estateIt is advisable to perform a subsoiling prior to improving the aeration of the soil and avoid compacted layers.

Layout and digging

El stake out Ensure that the planting pattern is uniform. holes They should be about 40 x 40 x 40 cm, filled with loose soil mixed with organic matter if possible.

Place the plant

The pistachio plants from nursery They should be planted when they are dormant. The plant grafted ensuring that the graft It should remain visible and never be buried. It's important to firm the soil around it well to eliminate air pockets.

Planting in vegetative dormancy

Irrigation for planting and mulching

After planting, a irrigation of establishment to settle the soil and encourage contact with the estate with the land. The use of plastic padding o organic helps to conserve the moisture and control the weeds.

Protections (wildlife/frost)

The individual protections Tubes or mesh are essential to prevent damage from CONEJOS o rodentsIn cold areas, thermal covers can be used to protect the graft during the first winter.

Review at 7-10 days

One week after planting, it's a good idea to check all the Facilities to detect lack of grip, potential sinking, or wildlife damage. This initial check prevents future losses.

First and second year: what to do to get it started and running

The first two years after the pistachio plantation are determinants for the future of the operation. It is during this period that the plant develops its root system, consolidates the graft and defines its vegetative structure.

A handling error at this stage can delay the entry into production several years or compromise the profitability of the crop. Therefore, these first steps must be planned with technical rigor and constant agronomic monitoring.

Tree formation

During the first and second year, the main objective is form the tree correctly, ensuring a balanced structure that facilitates future production.

First year (axis formation):
The pistachio tree, like others woody crops, must be guided from a young age to achieve a straight and vigorous trunkIt is recommended to let the main shoot of the graft grow until it reaches a height of between 1,2 and 1,5 meterseliminating secondary shoots that may compete with it.
In this phase, the following is defined: main trunk, the basis of the future architecture of the tree.
Second year (formation of main branches):
Once the desired height is reached, they are selected from 3 to 5 structural branchesThese branches are evenly distributed and spaced about 10–15 cm apart. They will form the permanent structure of the tree.
It is important to prevent branches from all growing from the same point, as this would weaken the trunk and could favor breakage due to wind or fruit load in the future.

The most common training system in Spain is the glass or free glassalthough they are also used modified forms on central axis in intensive or mechanizable plantations.
An light pruning, combined with a balanced nutritionThis will help direct energy towards vegetative growth and not towards premature fruiting.

Irrigation and fertilization of the establishment

El pistachio is a dried fruit from semi-arid zones, but it needs water in its early years to establish itself properly. A common mistake is believing that it can develop without watering during this initial phase.

Establishment irrigation (first year):
After planting, it is recommended to drip irrigation frequent but controlled, that maintains the Humidity of floor constant without becoming waterlogged.
In the first few months, young roots are very sensitive to lack of water. They are usually applied between [times/months - context needed]. 15 to 25 liters per plant per week, depending on the type of soil, temperature and evapotranspiration .
It is important adjust the flow rate and frequency depending on the climate and root development.
Second year (adjustment of frequency and nutrient intake):
As the root system deepens, watering can be spaced out, although with more generous applications. At this stage, the following is introduced: establishment subscriber, normally through the system of fertigation.
The key nutrients are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, Together with micronutrients such as zinc and boron, fundamental for the formation of flower buds and the growth of healthy shoots.

The goal is not to make the plant grow quickly, but to promote balanced developmentwith strong roots and healthy wood. excess nitrogen It can induce soft growth that is susceptible to pests or frost.

Weed, pest and disease control

During the first years, the tree environment control It is as important as water management or pruning. weeds, insects and mushrooms They can compete with or seriously weaken the young pistachio tree.

Weeds:
It is recommended to keep a vegetation-free circle around each plant, at least 50–70 cm in diameter, through mulching, anti-grass nets o light work.
Ground cover crops can be planted in the rows of the plantation, but they must be controlled near the tree to avoid competition for nutrients. water and nutrients.
Pests:
In the early years, the most common pests are doughnuts (Spodoptera spp.), aphids, Red spider and in some cases, rabbits or rodentswhich can damage the trunk and base of the plants.
It is recommended to place individual protectors o ventilation pipes that protect the plant from wildlife.
In nurseries and high-value farms, it may be advisable to apply preventive treatments with authorized products, always under the supervision of a technician.
Diseases:
The main risk is the attack of soil fungi (as Phytophthora, Verticillium o FusariumTo prevent them, one must ensure a good drainage and avoid excessive watering.
It is also essential to acquire plants certified and healthy, free of nematodes or previous infections.

At this stage, the constant observation and weekly check-ups They are key. Any yellowing, wilting, or slowed growth should be analyzed immediately so that action can be taken in time.

If you want to know more about the tasks prior to a pistachio plantation

Click here!

Objective of this phase: rootedness and vigor

El first year focuses on survive and put down roots; the second, a consolidate the vegetative structure.
A well-managed plant will show the following during these first two years:

Lignified trunk with solid vertical growth.
Balanced secondary shoots.
Deep and branched roots.
Absence of symptoms of stress or illness.

Only when these criteria are met can the tree be considered ready to move towards its production stageIn quality plantations, the catch rate surpasses the 95% thanks to a correct agronomic planning already the choice of grafted plant in nursery, which arrives in the field in optimal conditions for its development.

When to plant? When does it produce?

Planting time

The best time to plant pistachios In Spain it is during the vegetative dormancy periodthat is, in the middle winterPlant with the plant in dormancy (usually between november and february(depending on the area) reduces transplant stress, minimizes the risk of dehydration and facilitates initial rooting.

Benefits of planting in winter

Reduced vegetative activity: being the estate And with dormant shoots, the plant suffers less transplant shock and devotes more energy to forming roots than to supporting aerial growth.
Improved root establishment: Cooler and wetter soils in winter favor root-soil contact and exploration of deep profiles.
Lower immediate water demand: Since they do not sprout vigorously, the needs of irrigation Initial ones are more moderate and manageable.
Reduced pressure from spring pests and diseases during the critical rooting phase.

Precautions by area and climate

En very cold areas With severe frosts, avoid planting during periods of intense frost; opt for late winter when the risk of extreme frost decreases.
En warm zones or in mild winters, planting can be done in late autumn or early winter to take advantage of seasonal moisture without starting too early.
To container plants can be planted slightly later than those of bare rootbecause the root ball maintains temperature and humidity.

Practical tips for planting in winter

Ensure a good irrigation of establishment immediately after planting to eliminate air pockets and promote root-soil contact.
Avoid puddles: good sewer system from the hole and use of mulch to maintain homogeneous moisture.
If there is a risk of very intense late frosts, protect young grafts with thermal covers or stakes that reduce exposure to wind and frost.
Plan the arrival of the plants from the nursery so that they are well hydrated and stress-free before planting.

With this guideline (plant in winter, During the vegetative arrest), you increase the chances of a good roots and reduces complications in the first and second year of establishment.

Want to learn more about pistachio plantations?

Production entry (horizon)

One of the most crucial aspects for evaluating the profitability of a pistachio plantation is its entry into productionthat is, the moment when the tree begins to generate a commercially significant harvestThis point depends on multiple factors: the variety’s most emblematic landmarks, the rootstock’s most emblematic landmarks, the agronomic management, weather conditions and nursery plant quality.

1. Average times according to plant type and handling

Under optimal conditions, a grafted pistachio tree begins to bear its first fruits among the 5 and 7 years from the time of planting, although there are notable differences depending on the type of plant material:

Nursery-grown plants (such as those produced by Agroptimum): its entry into production is usually more early and homogeneousSince the graft has been performed and consolidated under controlled conditions, ensuring proper compatibility between rootstock and varietyIn these cases, the first harvest can already be observed in the fourth or fifth year, with increasing returns from the sixth onwards.
Grafted plants in the fieldThey require an additional adaptation period, and normally reach their first commercial harvest between 6 and 8 years.

2. Factors that influence precocity

La entry into production is closely linked to the balance between vegetative growth and reproductive development.

Some factors that accelerate or delay it are:

Rootstock

El UCB1For example, it accelerates the entry into production compared to other rootstocks such as the pistacia terebinthus, thanks to its controlled vigor, resistance to soil diseases and better water use.

Weather conditions

The cold, dry winters and hot summers They promote proper flower induction. Conversely, a lack of chilling hours or excessive humidity can reduce flowering and fruit set.

Irrigation and nutrition management

Un drip irrigation well adjusted and a balanced fertilization (particularly nitrogen and micronutrients such as boron or zinc) are essential for the plant to enter the productive phase earlier.

Training and structural pruning

Un balanced tree design During the first few years (without forcing premature fruiting) it ensures a strong skeleton capable of supporting regular harvests in the long term.

Phytosanitary control and maintenance

A tree free of pests, mushrooms y water stress It will develop more viable flower buds, accelerating the transition to the productive stage.

Irrigation design and management are essential for homogeneous vegetative growth.

3. Phase of full maturity and stable performance

El pistachio reach your full production between the 10 and 12 years, at which point its stability productive performanceFrom then on, the tree can maintain its maximum potential for several decades, provided that the agronomic management is appropriate. In well-managed intensive production systems, yields can reach between 1.000 and 1.500 kg/ha of dry pistachios, depending on the variety and growing conditions.

It is important to understand that the first years of fruiting (between the fourth and seventh) are characterized by a natural alternationSome years the tree produces more and other years less, until a balance is established between vegetative and reproductive growthThis alternation can be reduced by applying techniques of balancing pruning y balanced nutrition after years of loading.

4. Long-term profitability strategy

La entry into production It should not be considered an end point, but rather the beginning of the most strategic phase of cultivation. From this moment on, the performance control, fruit quality and harvest planning and marketing will determine the true return on investment (ROI).

Professional management, supported by a company specializing in agronomic advice y post-harvest processing, can significantly optimize the commercial value of pistachiosreducing losses and improving the quality of the shell and the dried fruit end.

Frequently asked questions about planting pistachios

Where can pistachios be planted in Spain?

Best Zones to cultivate pistachios These are Castile-La Mancha, Aragon, Andalusia, Extremadura and some areas of Castile and León, where the weather conditions and temperatures They are favorable.

How many males do I need and how should I distribute them?

Approximately one 10% of the trees They must be males. Their correct distribution ensures a good pollination and avoids losses of production.

How far away should I plant them?

It will depend on the Marco chosen, but generally among 6 × 3 y 7 × 6 m. In irrigationYou can opt for higher density to optimize the yield per hectare.

Is irrigation essential?

No, but it is recommended. dry land’s most emblematic landmarks, the culture It is viable but less productive. irrigation’s most emblematic landmarks, the drip irrigation improve the for Growth, fruit quality and profitability end.

Which rootstock is right for me?

Depends on soil’s most emblematic landmarks, the humidity level and the climate. The UCB#1 It is the most versatile and recommended for its resistance and vigor, especially in modern plantations.

Conclusion

Plant pistachios In Spain, it's a real opportunity to agricultural diversification with high adding valueHowever, it requires technical knowledge and the correct choice of the rootstock, A good irrigation planningand professional follow-up. Investing in pistachio is to bet on a future cropsustainable, profitable and adapted to the terms of our country.

With expert advice and good management from the nursery to harvest’s most emblematic landmarks, the <strong>success</strong> It is within reach of those seeking a solid project in the field.

Dario Talaya

Agróptimum Marketing Technician.

Published in uncategorized

10 reasons to eat pistachios every day

Wednesday, 15 October 2025 by AGR Marketing

10 reasons to eat pistachios every day

The pistachios (Pistacia Vera) are not just a tasty and versatile food: they are one of the nuts most complete from a nutritional point of view and one of the most health benefits contribute when they are regularly included in the diet.

Rich in fiber, proteins, minerals y fatty acids Healthy, pistachios help protect the heart, maintain metabolic balance, take care of the digestive system and provide quality energy to the body.
In addition, flavor pleasant and their nutritional profile makes them an excellent alternative to ultra-processed snacks.

👉 Discover in this article the 10 benefits of pistachios backed by science and why including them daily can make a difference to your health.

The 10 benefits of pistachios

El pistacho stands out for its high content en proteins, fiber, Vitamin B6, potassium, Magnesium y Antioxidants natural. Below we explain, one by one, the top ten benefits of pistachios and how regular consumption can improve your overall well-being.

Pistachios have a long list of benefits, in today's blog we show you the 10 most notable ones.

If you want to know more about pistachios, read our blog.

ALL ABOUT PISTACHIOS IN 15 MINUTES

1. Blood cholesterol and triglycerides

Various scientific studies have shown that eat pistachios regularly helps reduce levels of LDL cholesterol (the so-called “bad cholesterol”) and triglycerides, while increasing the HDL cholesterol (Well).

This is due to its contribution of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, which favor the Cardiovascular health and reduce the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases.

Its content in phytosterols, plant compounds similar to cholesterol, also contribute to limiting the intestinal absorption of this lipid, thus improving the function of the heart and blood vessels.

Source: La Vanguardia

2. Glucose control

The pistachio is a key ally in the blood sugar controlIts low glycemic index and balanced combination of fiber, healthy fats y proteins They help prevent glucose spikes after meals.

Furthermore, the Vitamin B6 It intervenes directly in the metabolism of glucose, promoting the energy balance of the body. body.

For this reason, your pistachio consumption is associated with better glycemic control in people diabetes type 2, helping to stabilize insulin levels and improve cellular sensitivity.

Source: Health Foundation

3. Satiety and weight control

Not like others foods Rich in fat, pistachios help maintain satiety for longer thanks to its balance between fiber, proteins y unsaturated fats.

Including them as a snack between meals can reduce total daily caloric intake, helping to control weight without giving up flavor nor to the pleasure of eating.

Several studies confirm that people who they eat pistachios They often have a more stable body mass index than those who do not, without this resulting in a significant increase in weight.

Source: National Geographic

4. Intestinal microbiota

Pistachio has a very positive effect on the intestinal microbiota, by acting as prebiotic food that nourishes the bacteria beneficial of the intestine.

Su fiber and phenolic compounds promote the growth of healthy microorganisms such as Lactobacillus o Bifidobacterium, which strengthen the digestive system, improve the absorption of minerals and reinforce the immune defenses.

A balanced microbiota also helps reduce the risk de chronic diseases and metabolic, demonstrating the role of pistachio in the intestinal and general health.

Source: Infosalus

5. Eye health (lutein, zeaxanthin)

Pistachios are one of the few nuts that contain lutein and zeaxanthin, two antioxidant carotenoids that protect the cells of the retina from damage caused by the free radical.

These compounds filter blue light and help prevent eye diseases such as age-related macular degeneration, one of the leading causes of vision loss in adults.

Therefore, include lutein and zeaxanthin in the diet through eat pistachios contributes to the care of the visual function and long-term eye protection.

Source: Market Sales

Do you want to buy pistachio plants?

6. Source of vegetable protein

El pistacho is one of nuts with more protein content, providing around 20 g of proteins per 100g. This makes it an excellent choice for vegetarian, vegan, or sports diets.

These proteins Vegetables contain all the essential amino acids that the body needs for repair cells and tissues, promoting muscle recovery and energy production.

Source: Food Magazine

7. Rich in vitamin B6 and potassium

La Vitamin B6 It is essential for the metabolism of amino acids and to maintain proper functioning of the nervous and immune systems.
El pistacho is one of foods richer in this nutrient, along with the potassium and the Magnesium, fundamental for the muscle function and blood pressure Normal.

This combination helps to maintain the electrolyte balance of the body and reduce the risk de hypertension or muscle cramps.

Source: Food Magazine

8. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatories

Pistachios contain a wide variety of Antioxidants as polyphenols, tocopherols y carotenoids, who fight the free radical and protect the cells against oxidative damage.

These compounds help to reduce the systemic inflammation and the oxidative stress, two factors that contribute to the development of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular or metabolic ones.

Therefore, your pistachio consumption Daily is a natural support against cellular aging and functional deterioration of the body.

Source: SPC

9. Blood pressure and vascular function

Thanks to its high content en potassium and their low sodium content (when consumed without salt), pistachios help maintain a blood pressure stable.

In addition, its combination of Magnesium, fatty acids unsaturated and antioxidants improves the endothelial function, that is, the ability of blood vessels to dilate properly.

This results in a better circulation, lower risk of hypertension and a reduction in cardiovascular stress.

Source: Diario de Sevilla

10. Healthy substitute for ultra-processed snacks

Replace cookies, chips or industrial sweets with pistachios It is a simple way to improve the diet without losing pleasure.

They contribute slow release energy, control appetite and provide essential nutrients no added sugars or trans fats.
In addition, eating them with the shell helps to eat more slowly, improving the feeling of satiety.

Source: American Pistachios

Nutritional values of pistachios (per 100g)

Nutritional values table of pistachios per 100 g

These values show why the pistacho is one of nuts more balanced: it provides minerals, fiber, Antioxidants y proteins high quality with an excellent lipid profile.

How many pistachios can I eat a day and how should I eat them?

The ideal amount is 30 daily grams, equivalent to about 45–50 pistachios without shell.
This portion may be included as part of a balance diet, in breakfasts, salads, yogurts, creams or as a healthy snack between meals.

The important thing is to maintain a pistachio consumption moderate and consistent, within an active lifestyle. This way, you can take advantage of all the benefits of pistachios without excessive calories.

Precautions

Although pistachios They are very healthy, it is important to take into account some aspects:

The people nut allergies should avoid them.
The pistachios with added salt can raise the blood pressure if consumed in excess.
It is preferable to choose natural or roasted unsalted pistachios, which preserve their properties better properties of pistachios.
Store them in a cool, dry place to prevent rancidity. fatty acids.

The important thing is to maintain a moderate and consistent pistachio consumption. This way, you'll be able to reap all of their benefits.

Do you know about industrial pistachio peeling?

Click here!

Frequently asked questions about the benefits of pistachios

Are pistachios fattening?

Not necessarily. Despite its caloric density, its fiber y healthy fats They increase satiety and improve metabolism, so they do not promote weight gain if consumed in moderation.

How many pistachios are in a serving?

A standard serving is equivalent to about 30 grams o 45–50 units. This amount is enough to obtain your health benefits without excess calories.

Are pistachios recommended for diabetics?

Yes. Due to its low glycemic index and ability to stabilize the blood sugar, are very beneficial for diabetic people, always within a controlled diet.

Is it better to eat pistachios raw or roasted?

Both options are valid. The roasted pistachios they have better flavor and they retain almost all of their nutrients, although raw ones keep some intact Antioxidants y fatty acids sensitive to heat.

Conclusion

Eat pistachios daily is one of the simplest and most effective decisions to improve your Cardiovascular health, protect your cells from oxidative stress and strengthen your digestive system.

This small fruit green of the pistacia vera meets minerals, proteins, fiber y Antioxidants in perfect balance, offering health benefits on multiple levels.

Due to their flavor, versatility and nutritional profile, pistachios They are much more than a snack: they are a true natural superfood that helps take care of your heart, you intestine and your overall well-being.

Javier Fernández

COO of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

agriculture of the future and technology

Modern and future agriculture

Monday, 13 October 2025 by AGR Marketing

Modern and Future Agriculture: Technologies, Models, and Opportunities in Woody Crops

Modern and Future Agriculture: Model Technologies and Opportunities in Woody Crops

What do we understand today by "agriculture of the future"?

La agriculture of the future It is no longer a distant vision, but a reality in full transformationThe new models of agricultural production are oriented towards efficiency, sustainability and profitability, combining tradition and science with digital tools and automation.
In this context, concepts such as agriculture 4.0, digitalization of the field and precision farming have gone from being experimental innovations to becoming key levers of European agricultural development.

La precision farming relies on the use of sensors, IoT platforms, artificial intelligence (AI) y big data to collect and analyze real time data of each plot. This information allows the farmer to make informed decisions about irrigation, nutrition, treatments or harvesting, adjusting each action to the specific soil, climate and crop conditions.

In the woody crops —such as pistachios, olive trees or almond trees— this evolution is especially relevant. They are productive systems of Long duration, where every technical decision has a long-term economic and environmental impact. Therefore, digitalization becomes the Key to improving irrigation efficiency, reducing production costs, optimizing resource use and increasing profitability.

Agróptimum Drone, responsible for multiple tasks such as artificial pollination.

Agriculture and technology

The combination between agricultural technology and management sets the course for the sector. The application of digital platforms, drones, IoT sensors, predictive analytics and automation is redefining the way of working in the field.

Platforms and sensors that contribute the most to woody crops

The soil and leaf moisture sensors, agroclimatic stations and the systems satellite remote sensing (NDVI) allow you to control critical variables: Water stress, foliage development, fruit growth, and nutritional status. These data, integrated into interoperable agricultural management platforms, generate a complete view of the state of the farm.

Furthermore, the agricultural data management platforms allow you to automate alerts about pest prediction models, nutritional deficiencies o climate risks, improving the climatic resilience and water efficiency.

Examples in pistachio cultivation

In the case of pistachio cultivation, the application of 4.0 technologies translates into better decision-making on controlled deficit irrigation’s most emblematic landmarks, the optimal harvest time and tree vigor management.

The tools of thermal and multispectral remote sensing allow to differentiate stress zones and plan specific actions. This translates into a better productive performance or with a more rational use of water, something essential in areas with a continental climate or calcareous soils.

8 key technological and management levers

Digitalization of the field: base for integrating sensors, drones and data management.
Automation and robotics: labor savings and greater precision in repetitive operations.
Artificial intelligence (AI): predictive models for pests, yields and weather.
Remote sensing and satellites: remote control of vegetation and humidity.
Regenerative agriculture: improving soil carbon and biodiversity.
Smart irrigation: use of IoT sensors to optimize water and energy.
Circular economy: valorization of agricultural waste and renewable energy.
Digital traceability and food blockchain: total transparency from the field to the consumer.

Each of these levers contributes to the competitiveness, sustainability and transparency of the agricultural sector, aligning itself with the eco-schemes of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the objectives of the European Commission.

Monitoring and real-time data

The base of the agriculture 4.0 is data capture and analysis. Thanks to rural connectivity and the Internet of Things (IoT), today it is possible to measure temperatures, humidity, radiation, flow rate, electrical conductivity and crop growth risk management.

These data are transformed into valuable information that helps the farmer to anticipate problemsFor example, a system of predictive analytics It can warn of an irrigation deficiency or a risk of frost before the damage is visible.
This increases the irrigation efficiency, reduces the energy and improve the crop profitability.

Sensors for precision agriculture

AI and predictive analytics

La artificial intelligence (AI) and the big data They process millions of data to predict scenarios: evolution of crops, spread of pests or impact of the climate change.

These tools are essential to achieve climatic resilience, especially in long-term crops such as pistachios or almonds.

Remote sensing and drones for decision-making

La satellite technology (NDVI) and agricultural drones They allow maps of vigor, canopy density, and water status to be obtained. This helps detect anomalies in vegetative development, identify stress zones and improve the planning fertilization and pruning.

Automation and robotics in the field

La agricultural automation is transforming daily work: autonomous tractors, harvesting robots y GPS guidance systems reduce labor costs and human errors.

In the case of pistacho, mechanized harvesting and using inverted umbrella vibrators are already a common practice in professional farms.

Smart irrigation and water efficiency

El controlled deficit irrigation and smart irrigation systems are pillars of modern management in arid zones. They combine soil moisture sensors, agroclimatic stations y decision algorithms to apply the water only when the tree really needs it.

This not only optimizes the water resource, but also improves the fruit quality and efficiency of the root system.

Smart irrigation and water efficiency

Regenerative agriculture and circular economy

La regenerative agriculture promotes practices that improve soil health and capture carbon, such as the use of vegetable covers, sustainable rotations o organic subscriber.

In woody crops, in addition, the irrigation with reclaimed water, the use of plant remains and the Photovoltaic Solar Energy.

Traceability and digital twins of farms

The agricultural digital twins They are virtual replicas of real farms that allow simulate productive and economic scenarios.

Combined with food blockchain, they guarantee the full traceability of the product from the field to the point of sale, increasing the adding value and consumer confidence.

Renewable energies and agrovoltaics

La agrovoltaica —combined use of solar panels and agricultural production— is expanding in the south of SpainIt allows for reducing energy costs and protecting crops from excess radiation.

In the case of pistachio, it can improve thermal conditions and water efficiency, contributing to the sustainability and profitability.

Why pistachios fit into the agriculture of the future

El pistacho it is a crop resilient, profitable and sustainable, ideal for dryland areas y Continental weather. It requires a high initial investment, but generates stable returns over time. long term thanks to its high profitability per hectare and the growing international demand.

Furthermore, the digitalization of pistachio cultivation It allows to optimize the management of irrigation, pruning and harvesting, making it a practical example of precision agriculture in woody plants.

Do you want to learn more about the Agriculture of the Future?

Climate resilience and efficient water use

La climatic resilience is one of the pillars of the agricultural future. Faced with water scarcity and extreme temperatures, intelligent irrigation systems and predictive models of evapotranspiration They are fundamental.

El pistacho, due to its ability to adapt to limestone soils and water stress conditions, consolidates itself as a sustainable cultivation model for arid regions of inland Spain.

Trends in the pistachio sector in Spain (2025-2030)

Between 2025 and 2030, a sustained growth of the Spanish pistachio market, with an increase in exports, professionalization of processing and digitalization of farms.

The use of management platforms, humidity sensors y satellite technology will allow to maintain a full traceability and comply with the European quality standards.

Profitability and risks: what determines ROI

El return on investment (ROI) In woody crops it depends on the technological management, water efficiency and capacity to adapt to climate change.

The most profitable projects are those that combine automation, sustainability and energy cost controlData integration and digitalization enable reduce the risk y maximize quality production.

Case study: Agróptimum

Agróptimum represents an example of Agriculture of the future applied to pistachios. Our model combines Precision agriculture, climate monitoring, smart irrigation, and digital traceability at each stage of cultivation.

In our pistachio greenhouse, the largest in Europe, we produce high-quality plant material, with full control of the weather conditions and the root system.
In addition, on our farms in Castile-La Mancha and Aragon, we apply IoT technology, multispectral mapping drones y real-time data platforms to optimize the agronomic and energy management.

Our commitment to circular economy and sustainability demonstrates that it is possible to unite innovation, efficiency and respect for the environment in a profitable agricultural model.

Agriculture of the future applied to pistachios

FAQs on agriculture of the future and pistachios

What is the minimum technological investment to start an agricultural project?

A modern project must contemplate, at least, Humidity sensors, agroclimatic station, management software and automated irrigation.

This provides a solid basis for technical and economic decision-making.

How does EU regulation affect a pistachio project?

La Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and European eco-schemes encourage sustainable practices: water saving, emission reduction, efficient energy use and functional biodiversity.

This positions the pistachio as a strategic cultivation within the framework of the European regenerative agriculture.

Conclusion

La modern and future agriculture It is not just a technological evolution, but a new way of understanding agricultural production.
Based on data, sustainability and efficiency, combine satellite technology, AI, automation and the circular economy to build resilient production systems.

El pistacho, thanks to its adaptability and profitability, it has established itself as one of the woody crops more aligned with this vision.
Models like the one of Agróptimum show that the Innovation, traceability and intelligent use of water not only improve the environment, but also guarantee long-term profitability and competitiveness.

Javier Gallego Largo

R&D Director of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Pistachio harvesting in Spain

Monday, 13 October 2025 by AGR Marketing

When are pistachios harvested in Spain? The optimal time for a successful harvest

La pistachio harvesting It is a critical phase of the culture: determines the quality of the dried fruit, conditions subsequent industrial performance and has a direct impact on the market value.

Making the right decisions at the time of collection, choosing the right technique and properly managing post-harvest logistics are aspects that differentiate a profitable campaign from one with quality losses.

In this technical and practical guide we explain how to identify the optimal ripening time, what harvesting methods to use, and how to organize the reception and the first industrial processing - including how in Agróptimum we support the pistachio trees offering services of collection and reception on the floor.

Harvest 2025 in Quintanar del Rey. This plantation is 4,5 years old.

The key moment: The ripening of the pistachio

The maturation of pistacho It is not an instantaneous event, but a sequence of physiological changes in the pistachio tree and in the fruit that must be evaluated jointly. Observing and measuring four main indicators will allow you to decide the harvest point with guarantees: Color change, opening of the pericarp, the call “tear point” and humidity tests.

Change in fruit color

One of the first visible signs of ripening is the Color change of the pericarp (the outer skin of the fruit). In many varieties commercially, the pericarp changes from a deep green to yellowish or reddish tones before losing adherence.

This color It is a useful signal, but not sufficient on its own: it influences commercial perception, but must be complemented with other observations because pigmentation varies between varieties (for example Kerman, Larnaka, Sirora, Lost Hills o Golden Hills).

Opening of the pericarp

La opening of the pericarp (natural separation between shell and seed) is the most determining indicator. When the pericarp is easily separated from the endocarp (the shell hard), the fruits are ready for a naked and efficient drying.

Observing percentages of open fruits allows you to estimate the uniformity of the maturation: High opening rates indicate that the batch can be harvested without risk of increasing the number of damaged pistachios o empty pistachios.

Natural separation between shell and seed.

"Tear point" or separation of the fruit

the so-called “tear point” It is the tactile and visual sensation when the union between the pericarp and the peel begins to give way. Upon applying light pressure, the fruit comes off with a small separation (like a tear).

This manual test, combined with observation of the color and the opening, is a traditional practice among pistachio trees to confirm the time of the harvest.

Humidity tests

La moisture of the fruit is critical: if the fruits present a content If the humidity level is too high when entering the plant, the risk of mould, microbial proliferation and aflatoxins during storage.

The recommended practice is to measure moisture in the field or in rapid sampling at reception; as a working reference, the final target after drying is usually between 5–7% of moisture, but at the time of harvesting the fruit may present higher values that must be corrected quickly through controlled drying.

Harvest calendar: In which months are pistachios harvested in Spain?

The calendar of crops varies by Zones and by varietiesbecause the maturation It depends on the sum of climatic factors, previous cold hours and local conditions of the plantationHowever, there are general guidelines:

In warm areas of the south and southeast (Andalusia, Murcia), the collection can be started from end of august, especially in warm years and for early varieties.
In inland areas with a more continental climate (Castilla-La Mancha, Aragon, parts of Extremadura and Castile and Leon) the harvest It is usually concentrated between late August and October, with peaks in September.
La variability between years (vecería) can shift these windows; that is why the monitoring of the status of maturation in each plantation it is essential.

For those who manage new plantations or seek to expand their area, remember that a pistachio grower begins commercial production around 7 years from planting under appropriate conditions; therefore, planting planning and harvesting schedules must integrate return horizons and production period management.

Harvest calendar chart by variety

If you want to know more about plantation management and location, visit our page on pistachio plantation.

Harvesting methods: Machinery and technology at the service of the farmer

Choose the information proper collection depends on the size of the production, the orography, the availability of labor and the commercial objective (gourmet quality vs. bulk sales).

The two main approaches are hand picking and mechanical harvesting, each with advantages and limitations.

Manual harvesting

Manual harvesting is still common in small plots or when maximum field selection is the priority. Manual techniques include hand-shaking branches, using poles, or hand-picking fruit on tarps/using nets. hand human allows to select and avoid damaged fruits and leaves during the collection, reducing workload on the plant; however, it is labor-intensive and costly in campaigns with scarce labor.

In this method, selection can be carried out in the field, promptly eliminating fruits with color, damage or humidity problems.

To learn more about the biology and management of pistachio trees, visit our resource on the pistachio tree.

Mechanical Collection

Mechanization is becoming more common in larger plantations. The most commonly used machines are:

Trunk or stump vibrators: they transmit vibrations to the trunk or branch to release fruit.
Branch shakers: they selectively activate main branches.
Harvesters with platforms and nets: they integrate the collection and transfer to containers.

The advantages of mechanical harvesting are speed, reduced cost per kg and the ability to harvest in very narrow climatic windows. However, mechanization can increase damage if not adapted to the characteristics of the fruit (size, fragility of the shell) and if the subsequent logistics are not immediate.

Transport and receiving at the plant: minimizing deterioration

Regardless of the method, transportation management is critical. Practical recommendations:

Minimize the time between collection and arrival at the plant

Avoid prolonged stacking that increases internal temperature and humidity.

Use ventilated containers protected from the sun

Upon receipt, perform weighing, sampling and humidity control to prioritize processing.

En Agróptimum We manage reception at the plant with protocols that prioritize traceability and quality: immediate sampling, batch classification, and scheduling of deshedding and drying according to the state of moisture and openness.

Do you want to sell your pistachio harvest?

Post-harvest: The first phase of industrial processing

The first phase of industrial processing (post-harvest) focuses on stabilizing the fruit, separating plant debris, removing the pericarp, and preparing the pistachio for drying and storage. Properly executed steps reduce losses and ensure safety.

Reception and weighing

When the load arrives at the plant, the following is carried out: batch identification, weighing, sampling for control of moisture and quality, and registration in traceability system.

This allows prioritizing batches that require urgent processing (for example, fruits with high content of moisture or with signs of damage).

Receiving and weighing pistachios at our processing plant.

Dehairing (removal of the pericarp)

El disheveled or removal of the pericarp (sometimes called peeled in green or shelling) is carried out using specific equipment that separates the outer skin without damaging it. shell.

It is a delicate phase: an aggressive peeling generates damaged pistachios and loss of valueInsufficient peeling leaves residues that affect drying and the risk of fungal growth.

Drying (decrease in humidity)

After dehairing, controlled drying reduces humidity to safe values for storage.

The pistachio dryers and drying tunnels with flow of aire controlled allow to homogenize the humidity and preserve the color and sensory properties.

El degree of humidity final recommended storage content is around 5–7%.

Temporary storage

Once dry, the product can be stored under controlled conditions (stable temperature and relative humidity) until it is graded, shelled, or shipped to the customer.

Maintaining rotating inventories and avoiding prolonged stays in inadequate conditions is a vital practice to avoid health problems and loss of quality.

Conclusion

La pistachio harvesting It is an operation that combines science and experience: it requires careful observation of the state of maturation, practical field tests, choice of technique collection and post-harvest logistics that prioritize speed and traceability. Harvest at the optimal time —based on indicators such as Color change, opening of the pericarp’s most emblematic landmarks, the tear point and humidity tests— is the basis for a harvest of success.

In Spain, the harvest window opens from end of august in warm areas until October in areas with a continental climate; the specific decision should be based on direct observations and on the management of each plantation. In addition, integrate collection technologies and professional reception protocols, such as those we offer in Agróptimum (immediate reception at the plant, sampling and processing scheduling), increases the probability of obtaining a dried fruit high quality ready for the national and international market.

To ensure the success of your next harvest, plan ahead: control ripening in the field, prepare the harvesting logistics and coordinate the arrival of the batches to the plant to start processing without delays. The result will be a production with more quality, higher value in the market and better returns for investment in your plantation.

Javier Fernández

COO of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Industrial peeling of pistachios

Thursday, 09 October 2025 by AGR Marketing

Industrial pistachio peeling: Keys to quality and profitability

El industrial pistachio peeling represents one of the most decisive phases within the value chain of the product. It is at this point where the fruit quality, its market value and final profitability from the producer.
A good process of peeled in green, well managed and technologically optimized, not only improves the appearance of pistachio, but it influences the control of mycotoxins, the efficiency of drying and subsequent conservation.

In this guide we analyze in detail the industrial process of shell pistachios, its main challenges, the teams involved and the key criteria for selecting a professional service that maximizes the productive performance and the return on investment (ROI).

Industrial pistachio peeling is one of the most crucial stages in the product's value chain.

The importance of pistachio peeling

El peeling the pistachio It consists of the elimination of the soft shell or epicarp that covers the pistachio in shell right after the harvestThis process must be done quickly, as delay can lead to the development of mould, pathogens y aflatoxins, reducing the fruit quality and adding value.

Peeling not only serves an aesthetic function, but also has direct implications on the food safety and in the profitability. In regions of Continental weather y limestone soils, where the dryland areas concentrate a large part of the plantations, correct post-harvest logistics and a efficient industrial peeling are essential to ensure a competitive product at the National market and even for the exporting .

In the case of varieties such as Kerman, Larnaka, Sirora, Lost Hills o Golden Hills, which dominate the production of Pistacia Vera In Spain, the time and technique of shelled and peeled directly influence your price y commercial quality.

The industrial pistachio peeling process

El industrial pistachio peeling It involves a succession of mechanical and quality control operations that begin just after harvesting and end before dryingThese phases are designed to eliminate impurities, avoid fermentation and prepare the fruit for the stages of peeling, classification y storage.

Mechanical shellers/peelers

La Sheller o Mechanical peeler It is the heart of the industrial process. These machines use rollers, brushes or friction discs to separate the epicarp from the hard shell, adjusting the pressure according to the pistachio size.

The most advanced units include optical sensors and systems automated quality control that allow the degree of fruit cleanliness to be detected and prevent surface damage. Correct equipment configuration is vital to prevent spotted pistachios o damaged pistachios during the operation.

Modern industrial peelers can process between 1.000 and 5.000 kg per hour, depending on the model and the fruit conditions. The automation of the process allows to maintain a constant efficiency, even when there is variability of sizes or differences of degree of humidity between batches.

Industrial pistachio peeling lines: the process

El industrial pistachio peeling is organized in processing lines integrated that combine several machines in sequence: sieves, Washers, peelers, calibrating machines y pistachio dryersThe typical flow is detailed below:

Reception and washing: The freshly harvested pistachio, with its outer skin, is subjected to a first wash with water to remove dust, leaves and plant debris.
Shelled and peeled green: Using mechanical peelers, the soft skin of the fruit is removed.
Separation: The sieves and flotation systems separate the empty pistachios, the closed pistachios and the open pistachios, ensuring the homogeneity of the batch.
Classification by caliber: The grader organizes the fruits according to their size to optimize peeling performance and subsequent drying.
Dehydrated or pre-dried: At this stage, the pistachio dehydrator or dryer reduces the humidity to the appropriate level for temporary storage.

The precision and coordination of all these equipment define the overall efficiency of the process and, therefore, the profitability of the producer.

Reception of freshly harvested pistachios at our processing plant

The most common challenges in industrial pistachio peeling

Although current technology allows for high levels of automation, the industrial pistachio peeling continues to face several technical challenges that affect the productive performance and the fruit quality.

Unripe or overripe fruits

El crop management It is essential. Unripe fruits do not peel properly, while overripe fruits tend to have a shell more adhered or even broken. This imbalance can affect the speed of peeled in green and generate product losses.

Size variability

El pistachio size influences the configuration of the Mechanical peelers y CalibratorsA batch with heterogeneous sizes can reduce the peeling performance, increasing the need for rework or adjustments. Therefore, the caliber control from the harvest is key to achieving uniformity.

Pistachios with soft or damaged shells

The soft-shelled pistachios or with microcracks can break during peeling. This problem is usually associated with extreme weather conditions, limestone soils or errors of irrigationGood agronomic management and the use of equipment with adjustable pressure minimize this risk.

Performance optimization

La optimizing peeling performance depends on the balance between speed, precision and cleanliness. Equipment with process technology Advanced technologies allow you to reduce waste and maintain quality. fruit quality, which directly impacts the profitability and the adding value of the product.

Do you want to sell your harvest?

Peeling and final quality of pistachios

Impact of peeling on the drying process

El peeled in green directly influences the efficiency of the drying. A homogeneous peeling allows a degree of humidity more uniform and reduces the time required for Pistachio dryerThis translates into energy savings, better conservation of color and lower risk of mould o mycotoxins.

Impact of peeling on aflatoxin prevention and food safety

Poor or late peeling can promote the proliferation of aflatoxins, especially when the fruit remains moist in contact with the leather or plant remains. Controlling the time between harvest y naked, along with a correct washed y drying, is crucial to ensure the food safety and comply with the Quality standards demanded by international markets.

Impact of pistachio appearance on its commercial value

El visual aspect of the peeled pistachio —uniform color, absence of stains, integrity of the shell— directly affects your price y market value.
Un spotted pistachio or with damaged shell loses attractiveness, which impacts the profitability of the producer. Therefore, the combination of a good industrial peeling and a process of classification precise results in a significant improvement in return on investment (ROI).

If you want to know more about PROFESSIONAL PISTACHIO PROCESSING

Click here!

Aspects to consider when choosing a professional peeling service

Select a service industrial peeling of pistachios appropriate is a strategic decision that affects both the end product quality as to the economic benefits of agrobusiness operation.

Processability

It is essential that the plant has a capacity adapted to the volume of your harvest. A processing line Saturated can delay peeling, affecting the fruit quality and increasing the risk of mould o damaged pistachios.

Efficiency and performance

A good service must guarantee a peeling performance high, with a minimum percentage of losses or empty pistachios. The automation, the use of optical sensors and the operator's experience are decisive factors.

Customer service

Beyond technology, the customer and service traceability are essential. A supplier that maintains fluid communication, batch reporting, and continuous monitoring contributes to improved control of quality and post-harvest logistics.

High-quality industrial pistachio peeling

Conclusions

El industrial pistachio peeling It is a critical phase in the value chain This dried fruit. Its correct execution determines the final quality, food safety’s most emblematic landmarks, the price of pistachios and ultimately the profitability of plantation.

Investing in technology —from Mechanical peelers y Calibrators to Pistachio dryers and systems automated control— is to bet on efficiency, profitability and long-term commercial projection.

Ultimately, shell pistachios with a professional approach is not just a technical issue, but a key strategy to ensure the economic success and the consolidation of sector in Spain and in international markets.

Javier Fernández

COO of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Professional pistachio processing

Monday, August 25, 2025 by AGR Marketing

Professional pistachio processing: from harvest to commercial success

El pistachio processing is much more than a set of technical operations: it is the bridge that transforms a freshly harvested fruit into a product ready to conquer the market. Each stage, from the harvest to the packing, directly influences the quality, the flavor and shelf life of this precious dried fruit.

In this article you will discover what it is like proceedings complete, what factors determine its success and why choosing the right company can make the difference between just another pistachio… and an exceptional product

Pistachio harvest on a 3,5-year-old plantation.

What is pistachio processing and why is it so important?

Pistachio processing encompasses all the stages following harvesting, from the initial peeling to the final presentation for consumption.

It is a key step to:

Preserve quality: prevent damage, mold or fermentation.

Ensure food safety: thanks to controls and traceability.

Maximize business value: obtaining an attractive, uniform product with the optimal texture and color.

A poorly processed harvest can lead to significant losses, even if it comes from healthy trees and a well-managed crop. Therefore, investing in a good processing system is essential for any producer seeking to compete in the market.

The complete process: from harvest to final product

The pistachio's journey from the tree to the consumer goes through several stages, each designed to protect its quality and enhance its presentation.

Peeling the pistachio

After manual or mechanical harvesting (using vibrating machines to separate the fruit from the tree), the first step is to remove the soft outer shell, or epicarp. Quick and precise peeling prevents staining and loss of quality.

Drying pistachios

Drying reduces the fruit's moisture content to the optimum level for preservation. Controlled air flows are used to prevent fermentation and maintain the pistachio's characteristic color.

Roasted and salted pistachios

Roasting enhances the pistachio's flavor and aroma and can be done with or without salt, depending on the intended use. Temperature control is key to avoiding quality loss and obtaining a uniform product.

Pistachio grading and selection

Here, pistachios are sorted by size, color, and cracking. Thanks to automated machine vision systems and manual sorting, the perfect nuts are separated from those with defects or leaf residue.

Packaging and storage of pistachios

During this phase, the pistachio is protected from contact with air, moisture, and light. Packaging methods vary, but always aim to preserve the flavor, texture, and quality until consumption.

Do you want to sell your pistachio harvest?

What to look for in a pistachio processing company?

Not all processing plants offer the same results.

These are the key factors to choose well:

Experience and reputation

A long-standing company knows the best practices and how to treat each crop and variety. At Agróptimum, this accumulated experience guarantees consistent results and a product of high commercial value.

Technology and equipment

Having modern machines and automated systems makes a difference in efficiency, performance, and product uniformity.

Quality control and traceability

A good processor must ensure that each batch can be traced from harvest at the source to the point of sale. This strengthens customer confidence and ensures regulatory compliance.

Customer Service

Support throughout the entire process—from harvest planning to packaging—is key to ensuring producers feel supported and secure.

Location

A processor close to the growing site reduces transportation times and the risk of product deterioration.

Agróptimum pistachio processing plant. In the center of the Iberian Peninsula.

Frequently asked questions about pistachio processing

How much does pistachio processing service cost?

The price depends on the volume, the type of services contracted (only peeling, drying and grading) and the characteristics of the harvest.

What processing capacity does Agróptimum have?

Our plant is designed to handle large daily production volumes, adapting to both small producers and large farms.

What types of pistachios can Agróptimum process?

We work with different varieties, both open- and closed-shell, for national and international markets.

How can Agróptimum guarantee the traceability of my harvest?

We have a digital system that records each batch from harvest entry to packaging, ensuring that you can always know the origin and journey of your product.

Can Agróptimum dry and grade pistachios for direct sale?

Yes, we offer comprehensive services that include drying, sorting, grading, and final packaging in large formats ready for immediate consumption or further processing.

Conclusion

With proper pistachio processing, each producer can transform their work on the tree into a premium product that wins over consumers.

At Agróptimum, we put experience, technology, and a focus on quality at the service of your commercial success.

Javier Fernández

COO of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Selling pistachios. Freshly harvested pistachios, hulled and all, in a hopper.

From Harvest to Sale: A Guide for the Pistachio Grower.

Monday, August 11, 2025 by AGR Marketing

From Harvest to Sale: A Guide for the Pistachio Grower

From Harvest to Pistachio Sales: A Farmer's Guide

El pistacho has established itself as one of the most profitable crops in Spain in recent years. Thanks to its high quality, its growing demand and interest in healthy and sustainable products, the pistacho offers the agricultores great business opportunities. However, to achieve the benefit expected, a good one is not enough production: It is essential to plan from the beginning harvest to sale, optimizing each phase of the process.

In this guide you will find a detailed tour from the moment of collecting the fruit until merchandising, with practical strategies to improve the quality, expand the market and get the best price possible for you product.

Freshly picked pistachios.

The key to success: preparation and post-harvest processing

An campaign Success doesn't end in the field. quality end of the pistacho and its value of market depend largely on how the indicted after the harvest and a producer who takes care of this point can obtain better Prices and loyalty Suppliers and buyers.

Pistachio harvesting and sorting

La harvest of the pistacho It should be carried out at the optimum moment of ripening, when the pericarp (soft shell) is easily separated from the fruit and the moisture content is adequate.
The culture Of pistachios, a delay in harvesting can cause loss quality, appearance of fungi or reduction of performance.

After harvesting, it is essential to carry out a triage or initial classification to separate the products damaged, cracked or stained, and leave only those that meet the standards of the market. This increases the value of the lot and facilitates the rest of the indicted.

Drying: quality and weight

Drying is a critical phase. Rapid and uniform drying prevents fungal growth and maintains the quality organoleptic of the pistacho.

The final moisture content should be between 5-7% to ensure good preservation and facilitate the merchandising.

Poorly performed drying can reduce the price a intermediary or a company is willing to pay, and even render the product for certain markets.

Husking, grading and screening

Once dry, the pistacho go through the peeling (if the destination requires it), calibrated by caliber and screening to separate impurities and plant debris.
El caliber is a decisive factor in the Prices: The pistachios Larger and more homogeneous ones usually reach better value at the market, Especially in direct sale or export.

Pistachio Sales Channels: Who Should I Sell My Harvest To?

Choosing the right channel sale depends on the volume of production, terms of the product and the strategy of merchandising of the farmer.

Sale to buyers and intermediaries

This channel allows a purchase quickly and without the need for the producer have its own facilities for the indicted.

The intermediaries They usually collect the product in the Explotacion or at collection points and assume the Services And later merchandising.

The advantage is the immediacy of the sale; the disadvantage, that the price is usually lower than that of other channels.

Sale to agricultural cooperatives

Cooperatives offer to the agricultores a model of the service set: they are in charge of the indicted, merchandising and negociación on behalf of all its partners.

They usually get better Prices that intermediaries, although payments may take longer. They can also advise on culture, campaign and management of the plantation.

Direct sales to the final consumer

This model can generate a benefit much larger, but requires more effort by the producer.

It involves managing the sale through our own stores, local markets, fairs or online sales.

El organic pistachio in this channel you can reach a value premium if you communicate well the origin, quality y terms of production.

Pistachio ice cream. A way of processing pistachios.

Strategies for setting prices and negotiating

Sell pistachios with the best price possible requires knowing the data de market, preferences of buyers and the amount de product available.

How is the price of pistachios set?

El price of the pistacho en Spain It is influenced by factors such as:

Caliber and homogeneity of the fruit.
Types of product (organic pistachio or conventional).
Terms and conditions de indicted.
Supply and demand in the market internationally.
Costs of Services and logistics.

Keys to a successful negotiation

Know the sector and its average prices

Present a product with guaranteed quality and well classified

Provide clear production and performance data

Evaluate supplier or buyer preferences

Do you want to sell pistachios?

Frequently asked questions about pistachio sales

What is the "price at origin" and how does it affect me?

El price at origin It is the value that the farmer its product before applying costs of Services, indicted o merchandising. It is key to calculate the benefit real of the Explotacion.

What requirements are needed to sell to a cooperative?

They usually require that the plantation meet certain standards of quality, be up to date with phytosanitary regulations and, in some cases, that the indicted initial (such as drying) is done correctly.

Is it worth investing in my own processing plant?

For adults farms, can be a profitable long-term investment, as it eliminates dependence on services external and allows better fixation of the price end of the product.

What is the difference between selling organic and conventional pistachios?

El organic pistachio usually have a price superior by its minor amount at the market and the added value perceived by the consumer. However, it requires greater terms specific cultivation and certifications.

Javier Fernández

COO of Agróptimum

Published in uncategorized

Pistachio properties

Monday, 28 July 2025 by Eloisa Pinar

Pistachio properties

The pistachio is a dried fruit that has provided nutrition for millennia. its crunchy texture and slightly sweet flavorIt's such a versatile fruit that, in addition to delighting the palate, it's also capable of delighting the eyes and providing generous amounts of protein, vitamins, and antioxidants.

Nature gives it to us wrapped in a semi-open beige shell which reveals ua core of a green color, so striking and bright that it has proven perfect for decorating and providing contrasts in countless culinary creations. Furthermore, thanks to its high nutritional value, pistachios promote overall well-being in a multitude of ways.

For this reason and more, pistachios are in growing global demand in the food and cosmetics industries, especially for the production of functional foods, clean-label products, and nutricosmetics.

In this post we present the properties of pistachios which makes it one of the most complete and versatile fruits in existence. We detail its qualities and characteristics that make it attractive to various industries.

Nutritional attributes of pistachios
Main properties of pistachios and how they are used by the industry
A partner for growing high-quality pistachios

Nutritional attributes of pistachios

Pistachios are rich in vitamins, minerals, fiber, and phenolic compounds.

Among nuts, pistachios have a high level of vitamins, carotenoids, and minerals. They contain no cholesterol and a high level of unsaturated fats, mostly monounsaturated fats, such as oleic acid.

According to research published by the University of Cambridge, the main nutrients and compounds that pistachios present are the following:

Vitamins and mineralsPistachios contain large amounts of:
- Minerals, such as magnesium, manganese, copper, calcium, zinc, selenium, etc.
- Vitamins, such as vitamin A, C, K and E. In addition, it contains all the B vitamins (except B12), especially high levels of vitamin B1 (thiamine) and B6 (pyridoxine).
Phenolic compoundsPistachios contain phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids, stilbenes, phenolic acids, and anthocyanins, which are micronutrients with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective properties.
Carotenoids.Pistachios contain lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoids responsible for the color of this fruit and which have antioxidant properties.
FiberPistachios are rich in fiber. A 28-gram serving of pistachios provides approximately 3 g of fiber.
ProteinApproximately 20% of a pistachio's weight is plant protein. This portion contains about 2% L-arginine, an amino acid that helps the body generate protein.

Do you want to buy pistachio plants?

Main properties of pistachios and how they are used by the industry

Pistachios are used by numerous industries for their health benefits.

Although they are small in size, pistachios represent a nutrient pump and benefits for the body. This, together with its unique flavor and attractive color, has led to the industry to use this dried fruit in the preparation of functional foods, in confectionery and in the production of ice cream, snacks, chocolates, etc.

In addition, it is marketed in different forms: chopped, sliced, pastes, and oils. Furthermore, it is also being used to make productos cosméticos for skin protection or hair beautification.

Let's see the different properties what these nuts offer for health and why they are in such high demand.

Antioxidant properties

Antioxidants are vital substances for health; they prevent cell damage and contribute to reducing the risk of chronic diseases. Because pistachios are rich in phenolic compounds and carotenoids, they are a source of antioxidants that act in a variety of ways. For example:

Lutein and zeaxanthin They are antioxidants associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and other serious conditions. They are also substances that help protect eye health and improve vision.
Phenolic compounds of pistachios can protect the body from cardiovascular diseases and balance blood glucose levels.

A recent investigation by the Cornell University in New York has confirmed that pistachios have a high antioxidant capacity, which helps maintain proper body function and acts against the proliferation of cancer cells.

Cardioprotective properties

60% of the total fat content of pistachios is made up of fatty acids with cardiovascular preventive properties, such as oleic and linoleic fatty acids. In addition, antioxidants and minerals, such as zinc and selenium, abundant in pistachios, also play a role in heart protection.

These fruits can act in different ways to reduce the risk of heart disease. For example:

They reduce total cholesterol in the blood, decreasing LDL (bad) cholesterol and increasing HDL (good) cholesterol.
They balance blood pressure values.
They promote blood vessel health because they activate vasodilation to improve blood flow.

Prebiotic properties

Prebiotic and anti-inflammatory properties of pistachios.

Due to the high fiber content of pistachios, this nut can act as a prebioticSpecifically, its fiber travels through the digestive system to be digested by the good bacteria in the gut. These bacteria then ferment the fiber and convert it into acids (such as butyrate) that benefit your health, helping to:

Reduce the likelihood of developing digestive disorders.
Reduce the risk of colon cancer and heart disease.

Anti-inflammatory properties

Thanks to the content of antioxidants, monounsaturated fatty acids and the high amount of γ-tocopherol (one of the many natural forms of vitamin E), pistachios helps reduce inflammation.

For example, this property allows to control certain ailments, such as arthritis. It also helps to reduce inflammation in the airways and speed up their recovery

Antidiabetic properties

Pistachios have a low glycemic index, so their consumption does not cause spikes in blood sugar. In fact, one of the studies published by the National Center for Biotechnology Information of the United States concluded that:

Pistachio can significantly reduce blood sugar on an empty stomach. It also improves insulin resistance in people with metabolic syndrome, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes.

antiviral properties

Pistachios provide large amounts of magnesium, selenium and zinc, essential minerals for strengthen the immune systemIn addition, the presence of vitamin B6 and protein helps this system function at its full potential.

Properties that improve sexual and reproductive health

As explained, pistachio consumption helps improve vasodilation and therefore blood flow. This is important for various bodily functions, including improving erectile function.

Various studies, such as those carried out by professionals in the Rovira i Virgili University of Catalonia and the Sant Joan University Hospital in Reus, They associate regular consumption of pistachios with increased sexual desire and improved orgasmic function in men.

antimicrobial properties

Numerous studies have demonstrated the antimicrobial properties of pistachios. For example:

professionals Norwich Food Research Institute (United Kingdom) concluded that pistachio extract has a great bactericidal effect that makes it useful for:
- Use in food safety.
- Topical treatment of Staphylococcus aureus, a bacterium responsible for various skin and respiratory tract infections.
Researchers University of Messina in Italy They discovered that the phenolic compounds present in pistachio extracts are ideal candidates for developing new oral and topical drugs for the treatment of HSV-1 (herpes simplex virus) infections.

Properties that improve skin health

Pistachios are endowed with powerful antioxidants and large amounts of vitamins A and E that prevent dry skin and combat cellular aging. In addition, these nuts help protect the skin from UV rays and prevent diseases or conditions.

Various properties of pistachios are exploited by the cosmetics industry to create products for topical application on the face and hair. For example, pistachio cosmetic oil It is a powerful antioxidant and natural moisturizer for skin and hair.

A partner for growing high-quality pistachios

To take advantage of the properties of pistachios, it is essential to have high-quality production.

En Agróptimum We have a trained technical team and state-of-the-art machinery to respond quickly and efficiently to each of your plantation needs, at any stage of the production cycle. We also carry out all the necessary analyses and studies for the implementation and management of your pistachio planting project.

This service is specially designed for you to obtain maximum profitability of those lands that are insufficiently exploited or are not being used due to the lack of time to dedicate to working the land.

If you want a profitable and sustainable plantation, contact us. At Agróptimum, we become your partner in the pistachio farming business. You only need to supervise and reap the benefits of the plantation, because the entire process, from planting to harvesting, we take care of it.

Main courses sources

Cambridge University, Healthline, NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information), WebMD, FEN (Spanish Nutrition Foundation), American Pistachio Growers.

Javier Gallego Largo

R&D Director of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Study of water quality and availability in pistachio plantations

Studies and work prior to planting pistachios

Monday, 28 July 2025 by Eloisa Pinar

Studies and work prior to planting pistachios

To ensure the success of any agricultural project, it is essential to carry out prior studies that help to understand the technical and economic feasibility of cultivation. Afterwards, if the viability is confirmed and the profitability of the plantation is determined, it is also necessary to focus on the land to carry out work that allows for its initial conditioning.

In pistachio cultivation, these preliminary studies and activities are essential to achieve optimal plant development and achieve the expected quantity and quality of productionOnly in this way is it possible to achieve the projected benefits over time.

In this post we offer a global look at the different analysis, studies, designs and projections that must be carried out beforehand to determine the viability of the pistachio plantation. In addition, we discuss the main tasks that are carried out for the preparation of the farm.

Studies prior to planting pistachios
Preliminary work before planting pistachios
Turnkey plantation: knowledge, experience, and technology at your service

Studies prior to planting pistachios

Previous studies on water quality and availability in pistachio planting.

The technical studies These preliminary tests will accurately indicate whether or not a farm is suitable for the cultivation and optimal development of pistachios. These tests include the necessary analyses to ensure the plantation's efficiency and high profitability. In addition, there is the financial analysis with which it is possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the project.

Let's see what each of these studies consists of.

Soil and climate analysis

The climate It is the main determining factor in pistachio cultivation. Its study is carried out by analyzing historical data collected by meteorological observatories on relative humidity, precipitation, average temperature, cold/heat units, etc.

In this way, it is possible to determine the variety that best adapts to the characteristics of the plantation, among other data.

Another of the conditions is soilFor this reason, it is always advisable to carry out test pits by drilling into the soil and extracting samples to assess its structure and composition at different depths.

This provides information on the soil's organic matter layer, impermeable layers, texture, pH, mineral nutrients, and more. This information allows us to determine how suitable the soil is for pistachio cultivation, what nutrient dosage should be applied, and the likelihood of waterlogging, among other things.

Study of water quality and availability

Is necessary conocer how much water is available for irrigation, whether through wells on the farm or surface water. It's also important to assess natural water availability through soil water balance and consider the area's rainfall, as in the case of dryland farming.

On the other hand, determine water quality The available water supply is also a factor that influences crop success. To do this, samples are taken from surface water (rivers) or groundwater (wells) that supply the land, and parameters such as dissolved salts, pH, hardness (presence of magnesium, carbonates, and calcium), etc. are determined.

E.g.Depending on the salinity, water may be absorbed more or less quickly by the soil substrate. On the other hand, magnesium and calcium are nutrients necessary for plant development and sometimes require additional fertilizers, but an excess of these nutrients can be harmful.

Land measurement

It is also necessary to carry out precise measurement of the terrain, both to determine the actual surface area that can be used for pistachio cultivation and to determine how many plants can be planted, service roads, and other issues that affect the management of the farm.

For this purpose it is used high-precision technology, such as GPS global positioning systems or 3D scanners for topographic surveying. Drones equipped with sensors and cameras can also be used to complement high-definition aerial surveys.

Choosing the pistachio variety

In the pistachio plantation they should be sown female varieties, to provide the fruits, and male, which are the ones that produce pollen.

The selection criterion It will be largely determined by the variety's suitability for the area's climatic characteristics. When choosing male varieties, the main consideration is their correct timing with the flowering of the female variety.

Planting frame design

The planting framework must be designed taking into account soil characteristics, water availability, and the selected pistachio varieties. This involves defining both the required distance between trees and their proper spatial distribution.

For example:

- In irrigated plantations you can choose a planting frame of 6X5, 6X4 or 6X3. A 6X5 means the trees will be located:
  - - 6 meters distance between streets
  - - 5 meters of separation within the rows.

- Pollinating varieties should be planted against the wind, on edges or terraces, to facilitate the transfer of pollen.

Un good planting frame It helps to optimize resources in crop management and reduce costs and facilitates mechanized harvesting activities.

Economic feasibility study

Every agricultural project must be based on a economic and financial study that provides data on the initial investment required, annual production costs and the profitability of the plantation.

Consists in the calculation of the direct and indirect costs involved in pistachio cultivation, in determining the return on investment and in projecting profits over time.
It is indispensable for determine risks and limitations, identify opportunities and evaluate the different alternatives to achieve an efficient and economically stable project.

Preliminary work before planting pistachios

Preliminary work such as subsoiling, moldboard plowing, and harrowing are essential for proper soil preparation.

Among the preliminary activities in a pistachio plantation are also the following: soil preparation and improvement work to prepare the farm. Such as the following:

Subsoiled

One of the first tasks is breaking up and decompacting soil layers using a subsoilerThis is a piece of equipment that is responsible for scarifying the soil to a certain depth (approximately between 1 m and 1,50 m deep).

This promotes soil aeration and improves drainage conditions, helping the plant grow, both in its stem and its root system.

Moldboard plow

Other tasks that complement the previous work are the moldboard plow through a agricultural implementIts main purpose is to break up large clods.

In addition, it helps mix and incorporate Mineral amendments and fertilizers that have been used to improve or correct soil conditions

Pass of stands

This work is carried out in order to break up clods of earth, which may have been left behind after plowing, to achieve a finer soil. This is a very important activity because it increases the homogenization of the various soil components and eliminates unnecessary drainage in the planting rows.

Land leveling

It is an essential work for the uniform distribution of water irrigation, prevention of flooded areas and water saving.

For greater efficiency, it is recommended to automatic land leveling through the use of precision farming technology, such as GPS-enabled tractors equipped with powerful precision software.

Amendments and fertilizer

In the case of nutrient-poor soils, it is necessary to correct the deficit by means of a mineral amendment that provides the necessary amounts of magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, etc. Amendments are also used to correct soil acidity.

In addition, it is essential to carry out a pre-subscriber, in which organic matter is provided to provide other micronutrients and microorganisms.

Do you want to buy pistachio plants?

Turnkey plantation: knowledge, experience, and technology at your service

Agróptimum. Turnkey pistachio plantation.

In the cultivation of pistachios, almonds, olives, and grapes, it is essential to have the advice of expert professionals who have the knowledge and technology necessary to carry out the preliminary studies and work.

At Agróptimum we help you modernize your farm and increase your profitability. We offer our comprehensive service, in which we take care of the design and execution of your plantation.

We have a multidisciplinary team of highly trained professionals to carry out all the technical and economic studies necessary for the start of cultivation. We also handle all the work required for land preparation.

We employ cutting-edge technology for maximum efficiency, speed, and precision in field analysis and preliminary work. And, if needed, we can fully manage the entire plantation.

At Agróptimum, we are your partner in sustainable, innovative, and high-performance agricultural projects. Contact usWe offer you a new business vision for more profitable and efficient crops.

Javier Gallego Largo

R&D Director of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Pistachio varieties

Friday, July 25, 2025 by Eloisa Pinar

Pistachio varieties

Selecting pistachio varieties is a strategic decision that directly influences the quality and quantity of the productionas well as in the profitability of the agricultural project.

Each variety has different agronomic characteristics, with advantages and disadvantages that must be analyzed together with the weather conditions of the area, the technical aspects of the management from the plantation and the market to which the production will be allocated.

This post describes the main varieties of pistachio that are grown in Spain. In addition, some rootstocks that allow improving their characteristics are detailed.

What to consider when choosing pistachio varieties?
The most relevant female pistachio varieties
The most important male pistachio varieties
Some rootstocks used in pistachio cultivation
Choose the most suitable pistachio variety

What to consider when choosing pistachio varieties?

How to choose pistachio varieties.

When choosing the varieties of pistachios to plant, it is necessary to take into account numerous factors: technical and organizational variablesFirst, climate and soil studies must be conducted to determine the availability and quality of water and the subsoil water supply.

Next, a series of aspects must be considered that will also impact crop efficiency. These are primarily the following:

Female and male varietiesThe pistachio tree is a dioecious species. This means that some varieties produce only female flowers and others that produce only male flowers. Therefore, it is essential to select the male variety to pollinate (via wind) the female variety.
- For example, Kerman is a fairly widespread female variety, which is usually pollinated with Peter (male).
Cycle of each pistachio varietyDepending on the time it takes for female varieties to flower, they can be classified as short-, medium-, or long-cycle. For example:
- Larnaka and Mateur are varieties with a short hibernation period, so they flower early. Kerman and Kastel require more time to develop and flower. Varieties such as Sirora and Lost Hill have a medium cycle.
Destination marketDepending on the target market, the pistachio characteristics of each variety must be taken into account, such as size, percentage of open nuts, and pistachio shape. For example:
- If pistachio production will be intended for direct consumption, large, round fruit varieties such as Kerman or Lost Hill should be chosen.
- If pistachio production will be destined for the industry, varieties with smaller fruits can be chosen. For example, Mateur and Larnaka.
Fruit size. Larger fruits typically command a higher price. For example, the Kerman variety is large and highly sought-after, making it easy to sell.
RootstockThis is the plant that serves as a base (root system + part of the stem) for grafting the bud of the chosen pistachio variety. It's important for improving certain characteristics of the variety, such as resistance to climate or pests.
- For example, one of the most used rootstocks is UCB#1.

The most relevant female pistachio varieties

The most important female pistachio varieties.

The female varieties are responsible for bear fruit, so they are usually the first plants chosen. Male varieties are then selected.

Among the main female pistachio trees are:

Kerman

It is a variety of pistachio that is born from a selection of seeds originating in Iran. Currently, it is cultivated in United States and in Spain. It requires 1500 hours of cold and 3500 units of heat.

It achieves its first significant harvest in the 5th year, showing a marked tendency towards alternate bearing, that is, alternating good and poor production from one year to the next.

It is a plant of average production It offers high-quality fruits: large, round, with a very white shell, a higher sugar content, greater nut consistency, and less bitterness. This makes it a highly prized variety.

Flowering: late.
Ideal pollinator: Peter variety.
% of open fruits: high.
% of empty fruits: medium.

Sirora

This plant was created in Australia. It is currently one of the most cultivated in Spain. It is characterized by its high production and high vigor. Requires a minimum of 850 hours of cold and 950 units of heat.

It is one of the ideal female varieties for the dryland cultivation, due to its great resistance to dry climates. This resistance is greater than that of other pistachio trees. It also has a rapid development, especially in the early years, which contributes to a early production.

The fruit of the Sirora variety is also quite engaging and and good tasteIts size is medium, it has a round or elongated shape and the whiteness of its shell is medium.

Flowering: medium.
Pollinator: The most recommended variety is the C – Special variety. Although the Peter variety is also used.
% of open fruits: high
% of empty fruits: medium.

Larnaka

This variety of pistachio can also be grown under conditions of dry landOne of its main characteristics is its high level of production and its adaptability to geographical areas with few hours of cold, requiring at least 600 hours.

The fruit of the Larnaka variety is medium-sized and elongatedIt has an excellent flavor, while the peel color is less white compared to the fruit of the Sirora variety.

Flowering: early.
Pollinator: variety C- Special
% of open fruits: high
% of empty fruits: low

Lost Hills

Lost Hills is a female pistachio variety created in the University of California (like Golden Hills). Its most predominant characteristic is that it has an earlier harvest than the Kerman variety.

The nuts of this pistachio tree are large, so they can stand out in a commercial setting. However, they are also fruits that often present increased sensitivity to various diseases of the pistachio.

Flowering: medium.
Pollinator: Randy variety.
% of open fruits: high.
% of empty fruits: medium.

The most important male pistachio varieties

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Ut elit elit, luctus nec ullamcorper mattis, dapibus leo pulvinar.

While female pistachio trees produce fruit, male varieties are responsible for producing pollen. For example:

Peter

It is a vigorous male variety with excellent pollen production, which is viable for 3 weeks. It adapts well to arid Mediterranean climates.

Pollinates the variety KermanIt is also used as a pollination reinforcement for Sirora, during the last months of flowering.

Randy

Compared to Peter, Randy has a longer flowering period. Its pollen is also viable for longer. It requires fewer chilling hours, but when grown in humid environments, this variety is more prone to disease.

Pollinates to Sirora. It is also used for the first flowering period of Kerman.

Guerrero

It is a male pistachio variety with high chilling requirements. It flowers late.

It pollinates especially late-flowering female pistachio trees., like Kerman.

Do you want to buy pistachio plants?

Some rootstocks used in pistachio cultivation

The rootstocks They are necessary for an efficient and productive pistachio plantation. Of course, their selection depends on the soil, climate, and variety of pistachio to be planted. For example:

UCB#1

It is a cross of varieties created at the University of California, between Pistascea atlantica (female) and Pistacea integerrima (male). Shows a high resistance to cold and diseases. In addition, it has a medium tolerance to salinity.

This rootstock It stands out among the rest for its vigor, precocity and high and quality production. For this reason, among its expected benefits The plantations include the following:

Increases the number of fruits.
Helps achieve high performance.
Accelerates production entry.

Terebinthus

It is a variety that grows spontaneously in the Iberian PeninsulaIt adapts to poor soils and has a high resistance to cold.

Terebinthus is related to all pistachio varieties. However, it has low vigor and precocity, which leads to uneven plantations and delays the entry of production.

Choose the most suitable pistachio variety

At Agróptimum, we provide comprehensive advice to increase your plantation's production and boost the profitability of your agricultural project.

We have a professional team specialized in pistachio plants and in the varieties grown in Spain. We work with the most productive pistachio varieties and the most suitable grafts according to the characteristics and needs of each plot.

We are official distributors of the largest pistachio nursery in Europe, Acemi SpainThis allows us to maintain stock to meet our customers' needs at all times.

If you want to implement innovative solutions and guarantee the expected results, contact usAt Agróptimum, we support you and look after your interests in the pistachio business.

Javier Gallego Largo

R&D Director of Agróptimum.

Published in uncategorized

Category: Uncategorized

How to plant pistachios in Spain

How to plant pistachios in Spain

Is your property suitable?

Climate and cold hours

Soil and drainage

Water availability

Varieties, pollinators and rootstocks

The pistachio is dioecious

Common varieties and compatible pollinators

Rootstocks (UCB#1, terebinthus, etc.)

Plantation design

Frame and density

Male distribution

Initial irrigation and fertigation

How to plant pistachios

Preparing the terrain

Layout and digging

Place the plant

Irrigation for planting and mulching

Protections (wildlife/frost)

Review at 7-10 days

First and second year: what to do to get it started and running

Tree formation

Irrigation and fertilization of the establishment

Weed, pest and disease control

Objective of this phase: rootedness and vigor

When to plant? When does it produce?

Planting time

Benefits of planting in winter

Precautions by area and climate

Practical tips for planting in winter

Production entry (horizon)

1. Average times according to plant type and handling

2. Factors that influence precocity

3. Phase of full maturity and stable performance

4. Long-term profitability strategy

Frequently asked questions about planting pistachios

Where can pistachios be planted in Spain?

How many males do I need and how should I distribute them?

How far away should I plant them?

Is irrigation essential?

Which rootstock is right for me?

Conclusion

Dario Talaya

10 reasons to eat pistachios every day

10 reasons to eat pistachios every day

The 10 benefits of pistachios

1. Blood cholesterol and triglycerides

2. Glucose control

3. Satiety and weight control

4. Intestinal microbiota

5. Eye health (lutein, zeaxanthin)

6. Source of vegetable protein

7. Rich in vitamin B6 and potassium

8. Antioxidants and anti-inflammatories

9. Blood pressure and vascular function

10. Healthy substitute for ultra-processed snacks

Nutritional values ​​of pistachios (per 100g)

How many pistachios can I eat a day and how should I eat them?

Precautions

Frequently asked questions about the benefits of pistachios

Are pistachios fattening?

How many pistachios are in a serving?

Are pistachios recommended for diabetics?

Is it better to eat pistachios raw or roasted?

Conclusion

Javier Fernández

Modern and future agriculture

Modern and Future Agriculture: Model Technologies and Opportunities in Woody Crops

What do we understand today by "agriculture of the future"?

Agriculture and technology

Platforms and sensors that contribute the most to woody crops

Examples in pistachio cultivation

8 key technological and management levers

Monitoring and real-time data

AI and predictive analytics

Remote sensing and drones for decision-making

Automation and robotics in the field

Smart irrigation and water efficiency

Nutritional values of pistachios (per 100g)